2013 Saint Petersburg Mathematical Olympiad

Grade 11

1

Find the minimum positive noninteger root of $ \sin x=\sin \lfloor x \rfloor $. F. Petrov

2

At the faculty of mathematics study $40$ boys and $10$ girls. Every girl acquaintance with all boys, who older than her, or tall(higher) than her. Prove that there exist two boys such that the sets of acquainted-girls of the boys are same.

3

Let $M$ and $N$ are midpoint of edges $AB$ and $CD$ of the tetrahedron $ABCD$, $AN=DM$ and $CM=BN$. Prove that $AC=BD$. S. Berlov

4

Find all pairs $(p,q)$ of prime numbers, such that $2p-1$, $2q-1$, $2pq-1$ are perfect square. F. Petrov, A. Smirnov

5

Let $x_1$, ... , $x_{n+1} \in [0,1] $ and $x_1=x_{n+1} $. Prove that \[ \prod_{i=1}^{n} (1-x_ix_{i+1}+x_i^2)\ge 1. \] A. Khrabrov, F. Petrov

6

Let $(I_b)$, $(I_c)$ are excircles of a triangle $ABC$. Given a circle $ \omega $ passes through $A$ and externally tangents to the circles $(I_b)$ and $(I_c)$ such that it intersects with $BC$ at points $M$, $N$. Prove that $ \angle BAM=\angle CAN $. A. Smirnov

7

In the language of wolves has two letters $F$ and $P$, any finite sequence which forms a word. А word $Y$ is called 'subpart' of word $X$ if Y is obtained from X by deleting some letters (for example, the word $FFPF$ has 8 'subpart's: F, P, FF, FP, PF, FFP, FPF, FFF). Determine $n$ such that the $n$ is the greatest number of 'subpart's can have n-letter word language of wolves. F. Petrov, V. Volkov

Grade 10

1

Call number $A$ as interesting if $A$ is divided by every number that can be received from $A$ by crossing some last digits. Find maximum interesting number with different digits.

2

in a convex quadrilateral $ABCD$ , $M,N$ are midpoints of $BC,AD$ respectively. If $AM=BN$ and $DM=CN$ then prove that $AC=BD$. S. Berlov

3

On a circle there are some black and white points (there are at least $12$ points). Each point has $10$ neighbors ($5$ left and $5$ right neighboring points), $5$ being black and $5$ white. Prove that the number of points on the circle is divisible by $4$.

4

There are $100$ numbers from $(0,1)$ on the board. On every move we replace two numbers $a,b$ with roots of $x^2-ax+b=0$(if it has two roots). Prove that process is not endless.

5

Given quadrilateral $ABCD$ with $AB=BC=CD$. Let $AC\cap BD=O$, $X,Y$ are symmetry points of $O$ respect to midpoints of $BC$, $AD$, and $Z$ is intersection point of lines, which perpendicular bisects of $AC$, $BD$. Prove that $X,Y,Z$ are collinear.

6

There are $85$ soldiers with different heigth and age. Every day commander chooses random soldier and send him and also all soldiers that are taller and older than this soldier, or all soldiers that are lower and younger than this soldier to color grass. Prove that after $10$ days we can find two soldiers, that color grass at same days.

7

Let $a_1,a_2$ - two naturals, and $1<b_1<a_1,1<b_2<a_2$ and $b_1|a_1,b_2|a_2$. Prove that $a_1b_1+a_2b_2-1$ is not divided by $a_1a_2$

Grade 9

Same as Grade 10 P1 - 1

2

if $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2=1$ prove that \[ (1-a)(1-b)\ge cd. \] A. Khrabrov

3

$ABC$ is triangle. $l_1$- line passes through $A$ and parallel to $BC$, $l_2$ - line passes through $C$ and parallel to $AB$. Bisector of $\angle B$ intersect $l_1$ and $l_2$ at $X,Y$. $XY=AC$. What value can take $\angle A- \angle C$ ?

4

There are $100$ glasses, with $101,102,...,200$ cents.Two players play next game. In every move they can take some cents from one glass, but after move should be different number of cents in every glass. Who will win with right strategy?

Same as Grade10 P4 - 5

Same as Grade10 P5 - 6

7

Given is a natural number $a$ with $54$ digits, each digit equal to $0$ or $1$. Prove the remainder of $a$ when divide by $ 33\cdot 34\cdots 39 $ is larger than $100000$. Click to reveal hidden text(It's mean: $a \equiv r \pmod{33\cdot 34\cdots 39 }$ with $ 0<r<33\cdot 34\cdots 39 $ then prove that $r>100000$ ) M. Antipov