Let $ABCD$ be a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle $k$. $AC$ and $BD$ meet at $E$. The rays $\overrightarrow{CB}, \overrightarrow{DA}$ meet at $F$. Prove that the line through the incenters of $\triangle ABE\,,\, \triangle ABF$ and the line through the incenters of $\triangle CDE\,,\, \triangle CDF$ meet at a point lying on the circle $k$. Proposed by N. Beluhov
Problem
Source: Bulgarian NMO 2014, p6
Tags: geometry, incenter, reflection, conics, complex numbers, perpendicular bisector, mixtilinear
22.07.2014 23:49
I have some useful lemmas ,but i have't finished. Any full solution?
23.07.2014 00:53
The only solution I came up with is complex numbers bashing. Let $X,Y,Z,T$ be midpoints of arcs $AB,BC,CD,DA$ that do not contain other points. $X',Y',Z',T'$ are midpoints of the other arcs $AB,BC,CD,DA$. Now $k$ is a unit circle, $A = 1, X = a, B = a^2, Y = a^2 b, C = a^2 b^2, Z = a^2 b^2 c, D = a^2 b^2 c^2, T = -abc$. We find the incircles by formula for chord intersection. One can show that these 2 lines through incircles pass through $X$ and $Z'$ respectively. After that we use formula $q = \frac{\omega - p}{1 - \bar{\omega}p}$ where $p,q$ are ends of a chord and $\omega$ is a point on this chord. First, we set $(p, \omega)$ as $(X, I_{ABE})$ and later as $(Z', I_{CDE})$ and we get two equal $q$, so it is what we wanted. All in all, it looks awfully and it is awful indeed.
23.07.2014 01:47
Thank you Kaszubki for nice solution.Any another solution(without complex plane and coordinata geometry ).I'm waiting...
23.07.2014 10:23
Hi Sardor do you mind sharing your lemmas? This problem seems to be very difficult.
23.07.2014 16:24
24.07.2014 01:59
Well it all suffices to prove that the first incenter line goes through the midpoint of arc $AB$ and the second incenter line goes through the midpoint of arc$DAC$. My approach had been working with isogonals and I ended up deducing the property above. I will post full solution soon Solution: WLOG $A,B$ are on segments $DF,CF$ and $\angle D>\angle C$. Let $I_1,I_2,I_3,I_4$ denote the incenters of $ABE,CDE,ABF,CDF$. Let $M,N$ denote the midpoints of arcs $AB,DAC$. We will first prove that $I_2,I_4,N$ are collinear, symmetric result $I_1,I_3,M$ can be proven analogously. Some angle chasing reveals that $\angle DCI_2=\angle NDI_4, \angle I_2DC=\angle NCI_4$. Construct the isogonal conjugate of $I_2$ wrt $NDC$ denoted by $I_2'$. Hence $I_4,I_2'$ are two symmetric points about the perpendicular bisector of $DC$, which $N$ lies on. Hence $\angle CNI_2=\angle CNI_2'=\angle DNI_4$ $\Rightarrow I_2,I_4,N$ are collinear. With these two results in mind, it now suffices to show that $\angle (I_2I_4,I_1I_3)=\frac {\angle D-\angle C}{2}$. Let $I_{12}$ denote the reflection of $I_2$ over the midpoint of $DC$. It's a well known lemma that if $\angle I_4CI_2=\angle I_4DI_2$ which is true by angle chasing, then $I_4I_2,I_4I_{12}$ are isogonals wrt $\angle DI_4C$. Since $I_4DI_{12}C\sim I_3BI_1A$, therefore $\angle DI_4I_2=\angle CI_4I_{12}=\angle AI_3I_1$ $\Rightarrow \angle (I_2I_4,I_1I_3)=\angle (DI_2,A_3)=\frac {\angle D-\angle C}{2}$ and we are done.
24.07.2014 05:48
My sol is similar to XML's. We note that $N, I_2, I_4$ are collinear, then we can show that the pencils through $N, M$ are projective, so if we fix $M, N$ by moving $B, C$, the intersections lie on a conic passing through $M, N$. We define this conic as $ABCDMN$, i.e. the circumcircle.
24.02.2016 06:53
Turkey 2003 2nd $Q 5$ will be the useful Lemma
17.07.2016 18:17
I think I have gotten to the bottom of the configuration. Theorem 1 (Sawayama's lemma). Consider a cyclic quadrilateral $ABCD$. Let $I=I_{ABC}$ be its incenter, and suppose the circle $m$ tangent to $AC$, $BD$ and the arc $AB$ not containing $C,D$ touches $AC$ at $X$, $BD$ at $Y$, and circle $k=\odot(ABCD)$ at $T$. Then $I$ lies on $XY$, and quadrilaterals $TBYI$, $TAXI$ are cyclic. Proof. First, let $M=M_{AC}$ be the midpoint of arc $AC$, and $I'=BM\cap XY$. Consider the homothety from $T$ between $m$ and $k$: due to parallel tangents, $X$ maps to $M$, and so arc $TX$ maps to arc $TM$, and thus they are of equal length, whence \[ \sphericalangle TYI'=\sphericalangle TYX = \sphericalangle TBM= \sphericalangle TBI', \]and so $TBYI'$ is cyclic. Second, note that $MX\cdot MT=MA^2=MC^2$ because an inversion at $M$ with radius $MA=MC$ maps $AC$ to $k$, so it switches $X$ and $T$. Additionally, $MA=MC=MI$, as is well-known. Thus $MI'^2=MX\cdot MT$ would imply $I=I'$ and we'd be done. But $\triangle MXI'\sim\triangle MI'T$, because \[ \sphericalangle MI'T=\sphericalangle BI'T=\sphericalangle BYT=\sphericalangle DYT= "\sphericalangle YYT"=\sphericalangle YXT=\sphericalangle I'XM. \quad \blacksquare \] Theorem 2. Using the same notation, if $E=AC\cap BD$, $F=BC\cap AD$ and $H,I,J,K$ are the incenters of triangles $ABD,ABC,ABE,ABF$, then $T,J,K$ are collinear. Proof. Note that $\sphericalangle BJA=\sphericalangle BYI$ - both can be realized as the same directed angle of size $\pm\left(90^\circ-\frac 12 \theta\right)$ where $\theta=\angle AEB$. So $\sphericalangle BJI=\sphericalangle BYI$ and by Theorem 1, $B,T,Y,I,J$ all lie on a circle $\omega_B$. Similarly, $A,T,X,H,J$ lie on a circle $\omega_C$. Consider the radical center of $\omega_B$, $\omega_C$ and $\odot(ABIH)$ (the latter is centered at the midpoint of smaller arc $AB$). It is $K$, because $K=BI\cap AH$: $BI$ bisects $\angle ABE$ and $AH$ bisects $\angle BAE$. Therefore, $K$ lies on the radical axis of $\omega_B$ and $\omega_C$, which is $TJ$. $\blacksquare$ The exact same proof tells us that the incenters of $\triangle CDE,\triangle CDF$ also are collinear with $T$, and so we are done with the proposed problem.
04.05.2017 19:41
Bulgaria 2014/6 wrote: Let $ABCD$ be a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle $k$. $AC$ and $BD$ meet at $E$. The rays $\overrightarrow{CB}, \overrightarrow{DA}$ meet at $F$. Prove that the line through the incenters of $\triangle ABE\,,\, \triangle ABF$ and the line through the incenters of $\triangle CDE\,,\, \triangle CDF$ meet at a point lying on the circle $k$. Proposed by N. Beluhov Excellent problem! Let $P$ be the touching point of the curvilinear incircle of triangle $ECD$ with the circumcircle of quadrilateral $ABCD$. I claim that $P$ lies on both these lines. We'll show only one case here, namely for the line joining incenters of $\triangle ABE$ and $\triangle ABF$, which we shall label as $I, J$ respectively. The other case can be handled in the exact same fashion. Let $M$ be the midpoint of arc $AB$ not containing either of $C, D$. Note that this implies $P, I, M$ are collinear. To end our proof, consider the following Claim: $M, I, J$ are collinear. (Proof) Complete isosceles trapezoid $ABKI$ with $AB \parallel KI$. Let $\angle ECD=\alpha, \angle BCD=\beta$ and $\angle MAB=\angle MBA=\gamma$. Notice that $$\angle KAB=\angle IBA=\frac{1}{2} \alpha=\frac{1}{2}\left(\beta-\gamma\right)=\angle MAJ,$$and similarly $\angle MBJ=\angle KBA$ so $K, J$ are isogonal conjugates in $\triangle MAB$. Evidently, $MI, MK$ are isogonal in $\angle AMB$ so our claim is valid. $\square$
23.11.2019 22:55
Oops I had too much fun with Pascal's. Let the incenters of $ABE, ABF, CDE, CDF$ be $I_1, J_1, I_2, J_2$. Let $M$ and $N$ be the midpoints of arcs $AB$ and $CAD$. Consider the circle with center $M$ passing through $A$ and $B$. Then by Pascal on the the following 6 points: $A$, incenter of $ABC$, $C$-excenter of $ABC$, $B$, incenter of $ABD$, $D$-excenter of $ABD$ We get that $I_1, J_1, M$ are concurrent. Similarly, $I_2, J_2, N$ are concurrent. Let $L$ be the midpoint of arc $BC$ and the intersection point be $T$. By the converse of Pascal's on $ALDMTN$, and because $AN$ intersects $DM$ at the $D$-excenter of $ADE$ (and therefore lies on $EI_1I_2$), those six points lie on some conic. But five points already lie on the circle $k$ so $T$ must also lie on this circle.
03.04.2020 13:08
Here is a solution found during Thailand TST group's live solve. We recall the following known results. Lemma 1: [Sawayama] Let $\triangle ABC$ be a triangle and $D$ be a point on segment $BC$. Suppose that a circle $\omega$ tangents to $AD$ at $E$, $CD$ at $F$ and $\odot(ABC)$ internally at $T$. Then $EF$ pass through incenter of $\triangle ABC$. Lemma 2: [Protassov] Let $\triangle ABC$ be a triangle with incenter $I$ and $\omega$ be a circle through $B$ and $C$. Suppose that the circle tangents to $AB$, $AC$ and $\omega$ internally at $T$, then $TI$ bisects $\angle BTC$. Now, construct the circle $k_1$ tangents to $AD, BC$ and $k$ internally at $T_1$. Construct the circle $k_2$ tangents to $AC, BD$ and $k$ internally at $T_2$. Suppose that both $T_1,T_2$ are on the minor arc $CD$, we use Lemma 1 to prove the following (which I think is also known). Claim: $T_1=T_2=T$ Proof: Let $I_A, I_B$ be the incenters of $\triangle ACD$ and $\triangle BCD$. Let $\omega_1$ tangent to $AD, BC$ at $X_1, Y_1$ and let $\omega_2$ tangent to $AC, BD$ at $X_2,Y_2$. By Lemma 1, we deduce that $X_1$, $Y_1$, $X_2$, $Y_2$, $I_A$, $I_B$ are colinear. By homothety, we see that $T_1X_1$ and $CI_A$ meet on a point $K\in k$. Moreover, lines $T_2X_2$ and $DI_A$ meet on a point $L\in k$. Thus by Pascal's theorem on $T_1LDACK$, we get that $T_1, L, X_2$ are colinear hence $T_1=T_2$. $\blacksquare$ Now the problem falls apart by Lemma 2. The lines are angle bisector of $\angle CTD$ and $\angle ATB$ and they meet at $T$.
23.05.2021 13:46
MarkBcc168 wrote: Here is a solution found during Thailand TST group's live solve. We recall the following known results. Lemma 1: [Sawayama] Let $\triangle ABC$ be a triangle and $D$ be a point on segment $BC$. Suppose that a circle $\omega$ tangents to $AD$ at $E$, $CD$ at $F$ and $\odot(ABC)$ internally at $T$. Then $EF$ pass through incenter of $\triangle ABC$. Lemma 2: [Protassov] Let $\triangle ABC$ be a triangle with incenter $I$ and $\omega$ be a circle through $B$ and $C$. Suppose that the circle tangents to $AB$, $AC$ and $\omega$ internally at $T$, then $TI$ bisects $\angle BTC$. Now, construct the circle $k_1$ tangents to $AD, BC$ and $k$ internally at $T_1$. Construct the circle $k_2$ tangents to $AC, BD$ and $k$ internally at $T_2$. Suppose that both $T_1,T_2$ are on the minor arc $CD$, we use Lemma 1 to prove the following (which I think is also known). Claim: $T_1=T_2=T$ Proof: Let $I_A, I_B$ be the incenters of $\triangle ACD$ and $\triangle BCD$. Let $\omega_1$ tangent to $AD, BC$ at $X_1, Y_1$ and let $\omega_2$ tangent to $AC, BD$ at $X_2,Y_2$. By Lemma 1, we deduce that $X_1$, $Y_1$, $X_2$, $Y_2$, $I_A$, $I_B$ are colinear. By homothety, we see that $T_1X_1$ and $CI_A$ meet on a point $K\in k$. Moreover, lines $T_2X_2$ and $DI_A$ meet on a point $L\in k$. Thus by Pascal's theorem on $T_1LDACK$, we get that $T_1, L, X_2$ are colinear hence $T_1=T_2$. $\blacksquare$ Now the problem falls apart by Lemma 2. The lines are angle bisector of $\angle CTD$ and $\angle ATB$ and they meet at $T$. Can't we just finish after Lemma 2? Defining T as the tangency point of a circle tangent to segments $ED$, $EC$ and internally to $k$, we can use the lemma to deduce that the incenters of $\triangle AEB, \triangle AFB$ lie on the bisector of $\angle ATB$. Similarly, the other two incenters lie on the bisector of $\angle DTC$. So, the lines and the circle $k$ concur at $T$. Am I wrong? edit: yes, I am wrong