Find all ordered pairs of integers $x,y$ such that $$xy(x^2y^2 - 12xy- 12x- 12y+2) = (2x + 2y)^2.$$ Proposed by Henry Jiang
Problem
Source: 2022 Revenge ELMO #2
Tags: number theory, Diophantine equation
11.07.2022 18:29
The answer is $\boxed{(0, 0), (-1, -2), (-2, -1)}.$ Multiply by $xy$ on both sides and rearrange to get $$(xy + x + y)^4 = (xy + x)^4 + (xy + y)^4.$$ By Fermat's last theorem, this only holds when one or more terms on the RHS are $0.$ Simple casework finishes. $\blacksquare$ Remark. "A nice easy problem" - Milan Haiman, I think
07.01.2023 06:51
Solution from Twitch Solves ISL: The answer is $(-1,-2)$, $(-2,-1)$ and $(0,0)$. They work; we prove that's all. Let $a = x+y$ and $b = xy$. Then this becomes \[ b(b^2-12b-12a+2) = (2a)^2 \implies 4 \cdot a^2 + 12b \cdot a - b(b^2-12b+2) = 0. \]As a quadratic in $a$, the discriminant is \[ (12b)^2 + 4 \cdot 4b(b^2-12b+2) = 16 b \cdot (b^2 - 3b + 2) = 16b(b-1)(b-2) \]but it should also be a perfect square. This only happens if $b \in \{0,1,2\}$. From here we recover the solution set by some casework.
09.01.2023 03:10
cw357 wrote: v_Enhance wrote: Solution from Twitch Solves ISL: The answer is $(-1,-2)$, $(-2,-1)$ and $(0,0)$. They work; we prove that's all. Let $a = x+y$ and $b = xy$. Then this becomes \[ b(b^2-12b-12a+2) = (2a)^2 \implies 4 \cdot a^2 + 12b \cdot a - b(b^2-12b+2) = 0. \]As a quadratic in $a$, the discriminant is \[ (12b)^2 + 4 \cdot 4b(b^2-12b+2) = 16 b \cdot (b^2 - 3b + 2) = 16b(b-1)(b-2) \]but it should also be a perfect square. This only happens if $b \in \{0,1,2\}$. From here we recover the solution set by some casework. This solution feels indirect, laborious, and poorly thought out. The $x$ and $y$ should be canceled before taking the discriminant, thus there will be no perfect square and you can just do a Diophantine Quadratic approximation. Would you mind editing your post to reflect this? Thanks! would you mind posting your own solution?
09.01.2023 07:22
cw357 wrote: My Solution rjiangbz wrote: Find all ordered pairs of integers $x,y$ such that $$xy(x^2y^2 - 12xy- 12x- 12y+2) = (2x + 2y)^2.$$ Proposed by Henry Jiang divide x and y out of both sides then you get $x^2y^2-12xy-12x-12y+2=4^2$ rest is trivial $\boxed{}$ can evan apologize? henlo, (x,y) = (0,0) is a solution, tanks also wao i never knew that $\frac{(2x+2y)^2}{xy} = 4^2$ so smart
09.01.2023 07:39
cw357 wrote: My Solution rjiangbz wrote: Find all ordered pairs of integers $x,y$ such that $$xy(x^2y^2 - 12xy- 12x- 12y+2) = (2x + 2y)^2.$$ Proposed by Henry Jiang divide x and y out of both sides then you get $x^2y^2-12xy-12x-12y+2=4^2$ rest is trivial $\boxed{}$ can evan apologize? This solution feels indirect, laborious, and poorly thought out. Would you mind editing your post to reflect this? Thanks!
09.01.2023 07:41
No, sir please enlighten me with your true intelligence and personal greatness
09.01.2023 07:43
cw357 wrote: My Solution rjiangbz wrote: Find all ordered pairs of integers $x,y$ such that $$xy(x^2y^2 - 12xy- 12x- 12y+2) = (2x + 2y)^2.$$ Proposed by Henry Jiang divide x and y out of both sides then you get $x^2y^2-12xy-12x-12y+2=4^2$ rest is trivial $\boxed{}$ can evan apologize? how about no?
26.01.2023 05:05
evan thx for deleting (if that was you )
28.12.2024 01:27
Does this solution work? It sounds ridiculously bashy Case 1: If one of x, y are 0 x = 0 forces y = 0, and vice versa. Thus our only solution from this case is (0, 0). Case 2: If x, y are non-zero Dividing both sides of the equation by xy, we get that (xy)^2 - 12xy - 12x - 12y + 2 = 4(x/y + y/x) + 8 (1). Thus we have to force x/y + y/x to be an integer. Let gcd(x, y) = q, x = q*x', y = q*y', where x' and y' are relatively prime integers. Then we must have that 4(x'/y' + y'/x') is an integer. So y'|4, x'|4, and now we apply casework on y' and x'. We assume WLOG that |y'| > |x'| (note that the given equation is symmetric, so the order of x and y doesn't really matter). By the above, |x'| is forced to be 1, since |y'| and |x'| are relatively prime. Case 1: y' = x' Then y=x, and (1) becomes x^4 - 12x^2 - 24x - 10 = 0. It is easy to see by rational root theorem that this has no integral solution. Case 2: y' = -x'. Then y = -x, and (1) becomes x^4 +12x^2 + 2 = 0. It is easy to see by rational root theorem that this has no integral solution of x. Case 3: y' = 2x' Then y = 2x, and (1) becomes 4x^4 - 24x^2 - 36x -16 = 0. This produces x = -1 by rational root theorem, so our solutions are (-1, -2). Case 4: y' = -2x' Then y = -2x, and (1) becomes 4x^4 + 24x^2 +12x +4 = 0. Rational root theorem gives no integral values of x in this solution either. Case 5: y' = 4x' Then y = 4x, and there are no roots because the LHS of (1) is a multiple of 2, while RHS of (1) becomes an odd number. Case 6: y' = -4x' Then y = -4x, and there are no roots because the LHS of (1) is a multiple of 2, while RHS of (1) becomes odd. Thus by symmetry, x,y nonzero produces the solution pairs (-1, -2) and (-2, -1). Thus all ordered pairs of integers (x, y) that satisfies the given equation are (0, 0), (-1, -2) and (-2, -1).
28.12.2024 01:29
I have a few questions about my proof. 1. Do I necessarily need to write our my polynomial expansions for my cases? 2. Is this solution even valid? Please provide me some feedback. Thanks! chenghaohu