Problem

Source: Bangladesh Mathematical Olympiad 2021 Problem 7

Tags: combinatorics, number theory



A binary string is a word containing only $0$s and $1$s. In a binary string, a $1-$run is a non extendable substring containing only $1$s. Given a positive integer $n$, let $B(n)$ be the number of $1-$runs in the binary representation of $n$. For example, $B(107)=3$ since $107$ in binary is $1101011$ which has exactly three $1-$runs. What is the following expression equal to? $$B(1)+B(2)+B(3)+ \dots + B(255)$$