Put $x=y=z$ to see that $f(x)=x^2$ for $x \ge 0$.
Moreover, putting $y=z=-x$ we see that $f(x) \le x^2$ for all $x$.
From now on, we can ignore the left inequality and only work with the right one.
Substituting $xy=a, yz=b, zx=c$ we get that $f(a)+f(b)+f(c) \ge ab+ac+bc$ whenever $abc>0$.
So choosing $a,b<0, c>0$ we see that $f(a)+f(b) \ge ab+(a+b)c-c^2$.
Taking the limit $c \to 0$ we see that $f(a)+f(b) \ge ab$ whenever $a,b<0$.
In particular, on $a=b$ we get that $f(a) \ge \frac{a^2}{2}$.
But it's easy to check that any function $f$ with $f(x)=x^2$ for $x \ge 0$ and $f(x) \in \left[\frac{x^2}{2}, x^2\right]$ for $x<0$ satisfies the condition.