Problem

Source: 8th European Mathematical Cup, Senior Category, Q1

Tags: number theory



For positive integers $a$ and $b$, let $M(a,b)$ denote their greatest common divisor. Determine all pairs of positive integers $(m,n)$ such that for any two positive integers $x$ and $y$ such that $x\mid m$ and $y\mid n$, $$M(x+y,mn)>1.$$ Proposed by Ivan Novak