Problem

Source: All-Russian Math Olimpiad 2019, http://vos.olimpiada.ru/main/table/tasks/#table

Tags: ARMO



There are non-constant polynom $P(x)$ with integral coefficients and natural number $n$. Suppose that $a_0=n$, $a_k=P(a_{k-1})$ for any natural $k$. Finally, for every natural $b$ there is number in sequence $a_0, a_1, a_2, \ldots$ that is $b$-th power of some natural number that is more than 1. Prove that $P(x)$ is linear polynom.