There are cities in country, and some cities are connected by roads. Not more than $100$ roads go from every city. Set of roads is called as ideal if all roads in set have not common ends, and we can not add one more road in set without breaking this rule. Every day minister destroy one ideal set of roads. Prove, that he need not more than $199$ days to destroy all roads in country.
Problem
Source: St Petersburg Olympiad 2014, Grade 11, P2
Tags: combinatorics
24.10.2017 18:11
By Quote: all roads in set have not common ends Do you mean that no roads share a city? (So, you can't have a road going from $A$ to $B$, and a road going from $B$ to $C$) Or do you mean two roads don't go between the same pair of cities?
24.10.2017 20:00
Between two cities can be only one road.In ideal set roads don`t share a city.
25.10.2017 09:55
Suppose on the contrary, after $199$ days there is still a road between- say $A$ and $B$. Since all roads going to either $A$ or $B$, not including $AB$ itself, are at most $198$, there would exist a day when non of these roads is destroyed. But on that day we breach the ideal set definition, since we can add $AB$ to the destroyed roads on that day and they still would have not common ends. A contradiction. Comment. There is a way of destroying roads, such that all roads will be destroyed in no more than $101$ days. Indeed, the Vizing's theorem says we can color the edges of the corresponding graph with no more than $101$ colors. Thus, removing every day some of the colors, the result follows.
23.08.2022 14:20
Induct on n and use Hall Marriage Theroem.