Determine all pairs of natural numbers $ (x, y)$ for which it holds that $$x^2 = 4y + 3gcd (x, y).$$
Source: 2004 Cuba MO 2.4
Tags: number theory, GCD
Determine all pairs of natural numbers $ (x, y)$ for which it holds that $$x^2 = 4y + 3gcd (x, y).$$