The sequence of positive integers $a_0, a_1, a_2, . . .$ is defined by $a_0 = 3$ and $$a_{n+1} - a_n = n(a_n - 1)$$for all $n \ge 0$. Determine all integers $m \ge 2$ for which $gcd (m, a_n) = 1$ for all $n \ge 0$.
Source: 2021 Dutch IMO TST 1.1
Tags: number theory, Sequence, recurrence relation
The sequence of positive integers $a_0, a_1, a_2, . . .$ is defined by $a_0 = 3$ and $$a_{n+1} - a_n = n(a_n - 1)$$for all $n \ge 0$. Determine all integers $m \ge 2$ for which $gcd (m, a_n) = 1$ for all $n \ge 0$.